Analysis of Characterizations and Educational Values in Novel Layangan Putus Written by Mommy SF

-Literary work is an idea, opinion, thought, spirit, experience, and imagination of a person that is poured in a form of writing. Literature is also a person's creative and productive form in written form and expressed in the form of the Novel. Literature, or what in English is called literature, is a name given to the results of human creative work using language as the material of its creation. Etymologically, it can be interpreted as a tool for teaching, manual or teaching. The purposes of this study are to identify the educational values and to analyze the characterization of a novel entitled "Layangan Putus" written by Mommy ASF. The research method used is the qualitative research method. Data collection techniques were using documentation or literature review. This research was conducted in August 2022 at the researcher's house in Ngabang. The research subject was the novel Layangan Putus.The results show that Kinan as the main character is kind, spoiled, strong, respectful, forgiving, religious, sensitive, caring and extrovert, Aris; caring, good, religious, hardworking, unfaithful, responsible, tough, realistic, rude, and selfish, Aris' new wife; arrogant, kind, and heartless. In addition, the educational values contained in the novel Layangan Putus are religious; obedience to worship, religious tolerance, moral values; forgiving others and being polite to older people, social values; friendly to others and caring for others, cultural values; use the local language .


I. INTRODUCTION
Literary work is an idea, opinion, thought, spirit, experience, and imagination of a person that is poured in a form of writing. Literature is also a person's creative and productive form in written form and expressed in the form of the Novel. Literature, or what in English is called literature, is a name given to the results of human creative work using language as the material of its creation. Etymologically, it can be interpreted as a tool for teaching, manual or teaching. According to Teeuw (2013, p.36), this understanding implies that what is called literature is nothing but a tool that educates or provides knowledge to the reader.
The reason I chose this title is that it is very interesting to study because Layangan Putus is a very popular novel, even viral in cyberspace, and is a favorite film that is being discussed by Indonesian people at this time. Before being broadcast as a web series, this series was first published in the form of a novel by Mommy ASF. The owner of the real name Eka Nur Prasetyawati is the figure behind the popularity of the Layangan Putus story. The collapse of Eka's household became the forerunner to the publication of the novel. The name Eka Nur Prasetywati is usually familiarly called Mommy ASF will not be successfully published if Mommy ASF does not pour out her heart on social media in 2019. The book that comes from sadness and disappointment was written after a long journey.
To avoid confusion in the discussion, this research needs to limit the problem. This research is focused to discuss the characterization and educational values that exist in the Novel Layangan Putus. So it can be formulated that the value of education is the limit of everything that educates towards maturity, good and bad so that it is useful for the life obtained through the process of education. The purpose of this study is 1). Identifying educational values in a novel Layangan Putus.
A novel is a literary work that can entertain and can give advice or teach something to the readers. A novel is one of the works of literature in the form of prose whose contents are a form of imagination or expression of a person about the problems of one's life or various figures. According to Sutardi in Rukiyah (2019, p.44), literary works are not only facts of social life in society, although literary works are always based on social reality.
A novel is a literary work that can entertain and can give advice or teach something to the readers. A novel is one of the works of literature in the form of prose whose contents are a form of imagination or expression of a person about the problems of one's life or various figures. According to Sutardi in Rukiyah (2019, p.44), literary works are not only facts of social life in society, although literary works are always based on social reality.
According to Abrams in Hawa (2014, p.16), the term novel comes from the Italian novella, which contains the literal meaning of a small new item, which is interpreted as a short story in prose formed into an essay for the general public to consume. Then according to Rukiyah (2019, p.44), the novel is a picture of real-life conditions and behavior that the author pours into a piece of writing. Furthermore, According to Chesil Beach in Hawa (2014, p.16), a novel is a long work of fiction that contain more than 10000 words. It is more complex because it has many incidents, settings, and characters, and may take place over a long period.
Intrinsic elements are the elements that build a work from in which include the theme, plot, characters and characterization, setting, point of view, and mandate. According to Pradopo in Sri Lestari et al (2016, p. 186), the intrinsic elements of a literary work have concrete characteristics, these characteristics include the type of literature, thoughts, feelings, language style, storytelling style, and the structure of literary works. Here are some explanations of intrinsic elements in literary works.

Theme
According to Hartoko and Rahmanto in Dani and Shandi (2019, p.15) theme is a general basic idea that supports a literary work and is contained in the text as a semantic structure and which involves similarities or differences. Furthermore, according to Sudjiman in Diani Febriasari (2019, p.164) Theme is the main idea, idea, or thought that underlies a literary work.

Plot
According to Tarigan in Dani and Shandi (2019, p.15), the plot is a trap or dramatic conflict. In principle, like other literary forms, fiction must move from a beginning (beginning) through a middle (middle) to an end (ending), which in the world of literature is better known as exposure, complication, and resolution (document). There are two types of plots: forward flow (progression) and reverse flow (flashback).

Character and characterization
According to Sudjiman in Diani Febriasari (2017, p.164) what is meant by a character is an imaginary individual who experiences events or takes place in various story events. While characterizations according to Esten in Febriasari (2017, p.164) characterization is how the author describes and develops the character of the characters in a fictional story.

Setting
According to Tarigan in Dani & Shandi (2019, p.15), the setting is the physical background, elements of place and space, in a story. It can be concluded that setting is the place, time, and atmosphere of an event experienced by the character.

Point of View
According to Tarigan in Dani & Shandi (2019, p.16), a point of view is essentially a strategy, technique, or tactic, that the author deliberately chooses to convey ideas and stories. According to Dani & Shandi (2019, p.16), Based on the above understanding the point of view is divided into three types, namely: a. First Person Point of View: "I" b. Second Person Point of View: "You" c. Third Person Point of View: "She/He" 6. Message According to Sudjiman in Hawa (2014, p.17) mandate is defined as moral teaching or message to be conveyed by the author. In the mandate, there are two types of forms, namely implicit and explicit. It is said to be an implicit mandate when the moral teaching is implied in the behavior of the character towards the end of the story, while it is said to be explicit if the author in the middle or the end of the story conveys calls, suggestions, advice, suggestions, prohibitions and so on.
According to Kosasih in Andi Permana et al (2019, p.22), extrinsic elements are elements that are outside of literary works, such as social, economic, political, religious, educational factors, and so on. According to Diani Febriasari, there are three types of characters in the novel, namely the antagonist, the protagonist, and the tritagonist. Aminuddin (2013, p.79) classifies characters based on their role and frequency of appearance, namely the main character and additional character.
According to Forster in Nurgiyantoro (2007, p.181), characters based on their character are divided into simple characters and complex or round characters. Nurgiyantoro (2007, p.188), classifies characters based on their development character characterization or not. In this group, characters are distinguished into static characters and developing characters.
The values of education can be captured by humans through various things, including understanding and enjoying literary work (Pentor, Rai, & Ariana, 2021). According to Sumardjo (2013, p.5), there are four kinds of educational values in literature, namely the values of religious, moral, social, and cultural education. These values are values idealized by the author to explore a problem that occurs in real life.

Value of Religious Education
In religion, the concrete manifestation of the believers is the common understanding among the communities concerned, performing prayers and other forms of ritual, obeying norms, laws, and prohibitions according to their respective teachings. This form of religiosity can be seen in the act of diligently worshiping, obeying religious orders, surrendering, being grateful, religious words that come out of human mouths, and so on.

Value of Moral Education
The moral is something the author wants to convey to the reader. Morals can be viewed as themes in a simple form, but not all themes are moral. The moral values contained in literary works aim to educate people to recognize ethical values (Sutrisna, 2021).

Value of Social Education
Social value refers to an individual's relationship with other individuals in society. Social values can be seen in how someone behaves, the way they solve problems, and deal with certain situations. The social values that exist in literary works can be seen from the interpreted reflection of people's lives (Semadi, 2019). So social values can be concluded as a collection of attitudes and feelings that are manifested through behavior that affects a person's behavior.

Value of Cultural Education
Cultural values are something that is considered good and valuable by a community group or ethnic group which is not necessarily seen as good by other community groups or ethnic groups.

II. METHODS
This research will be carried out at the researcher's house because it analyzes the contents of the novel to be read, which is located on Jl. Maniamas Ngabang, Ngabang District, Landak Regency, West Kalimantan. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. According to Sugiyono in Andi Permana et al (2019, p. 22), the qualitative descriptive research method is a research procedure that produces descriptive data which is written or spoken words from the people or actors being observed. Next, according to Boqdan and Biqlen in Rahmat (2009, p. 2, 3) qualitative research is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of speech or writing and the behavior of the people being observed. Then Indrawan and Yaniawati (2017, p. 67), explain that qualitative methods are often used to look deeper into a social phenomenon, including studies of education, business management, administration, public policy, development, and law.
Hasan in Mahmud (2011, p. 146) states that data, the plural form of datum, is information about a thing, it can be in the form of something known or considered or a response, or a fact depicted through numbers, symbols, codes, and others. The data in this research is characterizing and educational values in the novel Layangan Putus written by Mommy ASF. The data will be obtained through the documentation by reading the novel and watching the series of the novel.
Then according to Bisri in Mahmud (2011, p. 151), the data source is the subject from which the data can be obtained, it can be in the form of library materials or people (informants or respondents). The primary data source is the novel Layangan Putus, while the secondary data are a series of Layangan Putus, related articles, and journals.
To collect data in this research, the researcher used the documentation technique or literature review. The method of research used in this research is library research. According to Yusuf in Iryana (2019,p.11) Documentation comes from the word document, which means written goods, documentation method means the procedure for collecting data by recording existing data. Documentation is a data collection method used to browse data historical. Documents about a person or group of people, events, or events in social situations are very useful in qualitative research.
According to Sugiyono (2010, p.305), the research instrument in the qualitative method is the researcher himself or herself. The position of the researcher in qualitative research as a human instrument function to determine the focus of the research selects informants as data sources, collects data, assesses data quality, analyzes data, interprets data, and draws conclusions on the findings. Research instruments are needed to support operational research steps, especially those related to data collection techniques. In carrying out the research, the researcher is assisted by instruments in the form of novel structural analysis sheets or novel intrinsic element analysis sheets, educational values analysis sheets, stationery, and notebooks.
Data analysis in this study will follow the procedures determined by the researcher. According to Raco (2010, p. 121), data analysis means systematically arranging the materials from interviews and observations, interpreting them, and generating new thoughts, opinions, theories, or ideas. After the data is collected as a whole, then the data is classified, described, and analyzed based on the research problem. In detail the data analysis techniques are as follows:

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
From the study that has been done by the researcher, there are several characters with their respective characterizations, namely as follows: Kinan as the main character is kind, spoiled, strong, respectful, forgiving, religious, sensitive, caring, and extrovert.

IV. CONCLUSION
This study was conducted to analyze the characterizations and identify the educational values contained in the Layangan Putus novel by Mommy ASF. The research method used in this study is qualitative. In the study, data collection techniques were carried out using documentation techniques or literature studies. The data in this study are the characterizations and educational values in the Layangan Putus novel by Mommy ASF. Data were obtained through the documentation by reading novels and watching novel series. The primary data source is the Layangan Putus novel, while the secondary data is the series of Layangan Putus, articles and related journals.
While the educational values contained in the novel Layangan Putus are religious; obedience to worship, religious tolerance, moral values; forgiving others and being polite to older people, social values; friendly to others and caring for others, cultural values; use of the local language.